Insomnia and anxiety among COVID-19 patients in China: the chain mediating effect of psychological capital and self-esteem.

BACKGROUND: The outbreak of Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) in 2019 has continued until now, posing a huge threat to the public's physical and mental health, resulting in different degrees of mental health problems. As a vulnerable segment of the public, anxiety is one of the most common mental health problems among COVID-19 patients. Excessive anxiety aggravates the physical and psychological symptoms of COVID-19 patients, which is detrimental to their treatment and recovery, increases financial expenditure, affects family relations, and adds to the medical burden. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the role of psychological capital and self-esteem in the relationship between insomnia and anxiety, thereby shedding light on the mechanism of the effect of insomnia on anxiety in COVID-19 patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2022 in Fangcang hospital in Shanghai, China. The self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 718 COVID-19 patients via cell phone using the Internet platform "Questionnaire Star", which included Athens Insomnia Scale, Psychological Capital Questionnaire, Self-esteem Scale, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, gender, age, marital status, education. Data analysis was performed using descriptive analysis, independent-samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis, ordinary least-squares regression, and bootstrap method. RESULTS: Education background had significant impact on anxiety in COVID-19 patients (F = 7.70, P < 0.001). Insomnia, psychological capital, self-esteem and anxiety were significantly correlated, respectively (P < 0.001). And Regression analysis showed that insomnia had a direct negative predictive effect on psychological capital (ß = -0.70, P < 0.001) and self-esteem (ß = -0.13, P < 0.001). Psychological capital had a direct positive predictive effect on self-esteem (ß = 0.12, P < 0.001). Insomnia had a direct positive predictive effect on anxiety (ß = 0.61, P < 0.001). Both psychological capital and self-esteem had significant negative predictive effects on anxiety (ß = -0.06, P < 0.05; ß = -0.72, P < 0.001). The results showed that the mediating effect of psychological capital and self-esteem was significant, and the mediating effect value was 0.21. First, the indirect effect consisting of insomnia - psychological capital - anxiety was 0.04, showing that psychological capital had a significant mediating effect. Second, the indirect effect consisting of insomnia-self-esteem-anxiety had a value of 0.10, indicating that self-esteem had a significant mediating effect. Third, the indirect effect consisting of insomnia-psychological capital-self-esteem-anxiety had a value of 0.06, suggesting that psychological capital and self-esteem had a significant chain mediating effect between insomnia and anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: Insomnia had a significant positive predictive effect on anxiety. Insomnia was first associated with a decrease in psychological capital, followed by a sequential decrease in self-esteem, which in turn was associated with increased anxiety symptoms in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, focusing on improving the psychological capital and self-esteem of patients can help alleviate the anxiety caused by insomnia in COVID-19 patients. It is recommended that patients and health care professionals increase the psychological capital and Self-esteem of COVID-19 patients through various methods to counter the effects of insomnia on anxiety.

Effects of a Planned Web-Based Educational Intervention Based on the Health Belief Model for Patients With Ischemic Stroke in Promoting Secondary Prevention During the COVID-19 Lockdown in China: Quasi-Experimental Study.

Background: Some common modified vascular risk factors remain poorly controlled among stroke survivors, and educational programs may help improve these conditions. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a planned web-based educational intervention based on the health belief model (HBM) in promoting secondary prevention among patients with ischemic stroke. Methods: An evaluation-blinded quasi-experimental trial with a historical control group was conducted. Patients admitted from March to June 2020 were assigned to the historical control group, and patients admitted from July to October 2020 were assigned to the intervention group. The control group received routine health management. The intervention group received 6 additional sessions based on the HBM via Tencent Meeting, an audio and video conferencing application, within 3 months after discharge. Sessions were held every 2 weeks, with each session lasting approximately 40 minutes. These sessions were conducted in small groups, with about 8 to 10 people in each group. The primary outcomes were changes in blood pressure (BP), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and the proportion of patients achieving the treatment target. The secondary outcomes were medication adherence, assessed with the Morisky Medicine Adherence Scale (MMAS), and disability, assessed with the modified Rankin scale. Results: In total, 315 patients experiencing their first-ever stroke were analyzed. More patients in the intervention group had controlled BP (41.9% vs 28.4%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.93; P=.01), LDL-C (83.1% vs 67.7%; aOR 2.66; P=.001), and HbA1c (91.9% vs 83.9%; aOR: 3.37; P=.04) levels as well as a significant postintervention decrease in the systolic BP (adjusted ß -3.94; P=.02), LDL-C (adjusted ß -0.21; P=.008), and HbA1c (adjusted ß -0.27; P<.001), compared with control groups. Significant between-group differences were observed in medication adherence (79.4% vs 63.2%; aOR 2.31; P=.002) but not in favorable functional outcomes. Conclusions: A web-based education program based on the HBM may be more effective than current methods used to educate patients having strokes on optimal vascular risk factors and medication adherence.

[Discussion on the surgical timing of rupture and hemorrhage of renal angiomyolipoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of different surgical timing on the surgical treatment of renal angiomyolipoma (RAML) with rupture and hemorrhage. METHODS: The demographic data and perioperative data of 31 patients with rupture and hemorrhage of RAML admitted to our medical center from June 2013 to February 2023 were collected. The surgery within 7 days after hemorrhage was defined as a short-term surgery group, the surgery between 7 days and 6 months after hemorrhage was defined as a medium-term surgery group, and the surgery beyond 6 months after hemorrhage was defined as a long-term surgery group. The perioperative related indicators among the three groups were compared. RESULTS: This study collected 31 patients who underwent surgical treatment for RAML rupture and hemorrhage, of whom 13 were males and 18 were females, with an average age of (46.2±11.3) years. The short-term surgery group included 7 patients, the medium-term surgery group included 12 patients and the long-term surgery group included 12 patients. In terms of tumor diameter, the patients in the long-term surgery group were significantly lower than those in the recent surgery group [(6.6±2.4) cm vs. (10.0±3.0) cm, P=0.039]. In terms of operation time, the long-term surgery group was significantly shorter than the mid-term surgery group [(157.5±56.8) min vs. (254.8±80.1) min, P=0.006], and there was no significant difference between other groups. In terms of estimated blood loss during surgery, the long-term surgery group was significantly lower than the mid-term surgery group [35 (10, 100) mL vs. 650 (300, 1 200) mL, P < 0.001], and there was no significant difference between other groups. In terms of intraoperative blood transfusion, the long-term surgery group was significantly lower than the mid-term surgery group [0 (0, 0) mL vs. 200 (0, 700) mL, P=0.014], and there was no significant difference between other groups. In terms of postoperative hospitalization days, the long-term surgery group was significantly lower than the mid-term surgery group [5 (4, 7) d vs. 7 (6, 10) d, P=0.011], and there was no significant difference between other groups. CONCLUSION: We believe that for patients with RAML rupture and hemorrhage, reoperation for more than 6 months is a relatively safe time range, with minimal intraoperative bleeding. Therefore, it is more recommended to undergo surgical treatment after the hematoma is systematized through conservative treatment.

Flowering genes identification, network analysis, and database construction for 837 plants.

Flowering is one of the most important biological phenomena in the plant kingdom, which not only has important ecological significance, but also has substantial horticultural ornamental value. In this study, we undertook an exhaustive review of the advancements in our understanding of plant flowering genes. We delved into the identification and conducted comparative analyses of flowering genes across virtually all sequenced angiosperm plant genomes. Furthermore, we established an extensive angiosperm flowering atlas, encompassing a staggering 183 720 genes across eight pathways, along with 10 155 ABCDE mode genes, which play a pivotal role in plant flowering regulation. Through the examination of expression patterns, we unveiled the specificities of these flowering genes. An interaction network between flowering genes of the ABCDE model and their corresponding upstream genes offered a blueprint for comprehending their regulatory mechanisms. Moreover, we predicted the miRNA and target genes linked to the flowering processes of each species. To culminate our efforts, we have built a user-friendly web interface, named the Plant Flowering-time Gene Database (PFGD), accessible at http://pfgd.bio2db.com/. We firmly believe that this database will serve as a cornerstone in the global research community, facilitating the in-depth exploration of flowering genes in the plant kingdom. In summation, this pioneering endeavor represents the first comprehensive collection and comparative analysis of flowering genes in plants, offering valuable resources for the study of plant flowering genetics.

Newly graphene/polypyrrole (rGO/PPy) modified carbon felt as bio-cathode in bio-electrochemical systems (BESs) achieving complete denitrification.

Nitrate reduction in bio-electrochemical systems (BESs) has attracted wide attention due to its low sludge yields and cost-efficiency advantages. However, the high resistance of traditional electrodes is considered to limit the denitrification performance of BESs. Herein, a new graphene/polypyrrole (rGO/PPy) modified electrode is fabricated via one-step electrodeposition and used as cathode in BES for improving nitrate removal from wastewater. The formation and morphological results support the successful formation of rGO/PPy nanohybrids and confirm the part covalent bonding of Py into GO honeycomb lattices to form a three-dimensional cross-linked spatial structure. The electrochemical tests indicate that the rGO/PPy electrode outperforms the unmodified electrode due to the 3.9-fold increase in electrochemical active surface area and 6.9-fold decrease in the charge transfer resistance (Rct). Batch denitrification activity tests demonstrate that the BES equipped with modified rGO/PPy biocathode could not only achieve the full denitrification efficiency of 100% with energy recovery (15.9 × 10-2 ± 0.14 A/m2), but also favor microbial attach and growth with improved biocompatible surface. This work provides a feasible electrochemical route to fabricate and design a high-performance bioelectrode to enhance denitrification in BESs.

Both arthroscopic one-step Broström-Gould and Lasso-loop stitch techniques achieved favourable clinical outcomes for chronic lateral ankle instability.

PURPOSE: Both the arthroscopic Broström-Gould and Lasso-loop stitch techniques are commonly used to treat chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI). The purpose of this study is to introduce an arthroscopic one-step outside-in Broström-Gould (AOBG) technique and compare the mid-term outcomes of the AOBG technique and Lasso-loop stitch technique. METHODS: All CLAI patients who underwent arthroscopic lateral ankle stabilization surgery in our department from 2018 to 2019 were retrospectively enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical methods employed: the AOBG technique (Group A) and the Lasso-loop technique (Group B). The visual analogue scale pain score, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle hindfoot score, Tegner activity score and Karlsson-Peterson score were evaluated preoperatively and during the follow-up from June to December 2022. The surgical duration, return to sports, sprain recurrence and surgical complications were also recorded and compared. RESULTS: A total of 74 patients (Group A, n = 42; Group B, n = 32) were included in this study with a mean follow-up of 39 months. No statistically significant differences were observed in demographic parameters or follow-up time between the two groups. Postoperative clinical scores indicated a significant improvement (all with p < 0.001) with no significant difference between the two groups (not significant [n.s.]). There was no significant difference in the surgical duration (46.1 vs. 49.7 min, n.s.), return to sports (92.9% vs. 93.8%, n.s.), or sprain recurrence (4.8% vs. 6.3%, n.s.). Only two cases in Group A reported knot irritation (4.8% vs. 0, n.s.), and one case in Group A experienced local skin numbness (0 vs. 3.1%, n.s.), with no significant difference. CONCLUSION: Both the AOBG and Lasso-loop stitch techniques yielded comparable favourable mid-term outcomes and return to sports with a low rate of surgical complications. Both procedures could be feasible strategies for CLAI patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III.

Failure mechanism and bearing force of CFRP strengthened square hollow section under compressive load.

Carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) plates can efficiently repair or enhance the mechanical properties of the square hollow section. However, the loading end of such a CFRP-strengthened member is prone to local bearing failure under compressive load. Given this limitation, an innovative CFRP-plate-strengthened square hollow section composite member (CFRP-SHSCM) was raised, and the thick-walled section was welded on both ends of the thin-walled steel column. The mechanical properties of CFRP-SHSCMs were investigated through parameter finite element (FE) analysis, focusing on the influence of the amount of CFRP layers (nc), the slenderness ratio (λ), the initial geometric imperfections (v0), the CFRP layouts (2S and 4S) and the length of the exposed steel column (Le). The load-displacement curves, the bearing force, and typical failure modes were also acquired. Results indicated that with increasing nc and v0, and decreasing λ, the conventional CFRP-SHSCMs were prone to local bearing failure with poor ductility, leading to the insufficient use of the CFRP plate, in contrast, the improved CFRP-SHSCMs primarily underwent overall buckling failure and exhibited better bearing force and ductility. Finally, the modified Perry-Robertson formula was put forward to predict the ultimate load of the CFRP-SHSCMs. The coefficients of variation between the FE simulation and the theoretical results were 0.00436 and 0.0292, respectively.

Large-scale analysis of the ARF and Aux/IAA gene families in 406 horticultural and other plants.

The auxin response factor (ARF) and auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) family of genes are central components of the auxin signaling pathway and play essential roles in plant growth and development. Their large-scale analysis and evolutionary trajectory of origin are currently not known. Here, we identified the corresponding ARF and Aux/IAA family members and performed a large-scale analysis by scanning 406 plant genomes. The results showed that the ARF and Aux/IAA gene families originated from charophytes. The ARF family sequences were more conserved than the Aux/IAA family sequences. Dispersed duplications were the common expansion mode of ARF and Aux/IAA families in bryophytes, ferns, and gymnosperms; however, whole-genome duplication was the common expansion mode of the ARF and Aux/IAA families in basal angiosperms, magnoliids, monocots, and dicots. Expression and regulatory network analyses revealed that the Arabidopsis thaliana ARF and Aux/IAA families responded to multiple hormone, biotic, and abiotic stresses. The APETALA2 and serum response factor-transcription factor gene families were commonly enriched in the upstream and downstream genes of the ARF and Aux/IAA gene families. Our study provides a comprehensive overview of the evolutionary trajectories, structural functions, expansion mechanisms, expression patterns, and regulatory networks of these two gene families.

Clinicopathological characteristics of gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms: A comprehensive analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic implications of gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (g-NENs). METHODS: A retrospective enrollment of 142 patients diagnosed with g-NENs was conducted at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2021. The study compared essential clinicopathological features and survival rates. Additionally, the prognosis of gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas/mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (g-NEC/MiNEN) were contrasted with those of gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) and signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC). RESULTS: The study comprised a total of 142 g-NENs cases, with a male-to-female ratio of approximately 2:1. The 5-year survival rates for g-NEC and g-MiNEN were 26.7% and 35.2%, respectively. Corresponding 5-year survival rates for G1 and G2 were observed at 100% and 80.0%, respectively. g-NEC/MiNEN showed a significantly worse prognosis compared to g-NET (p < 0.001). g-NEC/MiNEN exhibited a poor prognosis compared to GAC (p < 0.001), and within poorly differentiated GAC, g-NEC/MiNEN demonstrated a worse prognosis (p = 0.007). Additionally, patients receiving postoperative adjuvant therapy exhibited notably prolonged overall survival (OS) in the case of g-NEC/MiNEN (p = 0.010). CONCLUSION: In short, the prognosis of g-NEC/MiNEN was worse than that of g-NET, GAC and poorly differentiated GAC, but this group benefit from postoperative adjuvant therapy.

Prognostic significance of serum tumor markers in various pathologic subtypes of gastric cancer.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the utility of 6 serum tumor markers in prognosis between gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC). METHODS: A cohort of 3131 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma and 275 cases of gastric SRCC was assembled. The serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carbohydrate antigen 125, alpha fetoprotein (AFP), carbohydrate antigen 242 (CA242), and carbohydrate antigen 724 (CA724) were measured in all cases. The study analyzed the association between the levels of these 6 tumor markers and the prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma and SRCC. RESULTS: The study revealed that gastric SRCC exhibited lower concentrations of CEA (P < .001) and CA19-9 (P = .002), along with reduced positive rates of CEA (P = .041), CA19-9 (P = .003), AFP (P < .001), and CA242 (P = .006), while displaying higher positive rates of CA724 (P = .024) than gastric adenocarcinoma. Nevertheless, the receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that serum tumor markers did not hold clinical significance in differentiating between gastric adenocarcinoma and SRCC. Survival analysis substantiated that the combined criteria of serum tumor markers stood as an independent risk factor for both gastric adenocarcinoma and SRCC. Notably, the nomogram indicated that serum tumor markers exerted a more substantial influence on the prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma than on gastric SRCC. CONCLUSION: The study concluded that the combined criteria of serum tumor markers emerge as independent risk factors for both subtypes of gastric cancer. Furthermore, this combined approach exhibited enhanced efficacy in prognosticating the outcome of gastric adenocarcinoma compared with gastric SRCC.

Modeling autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa by using patient-specific retinal organoids with a class-3 RHO mutation.

Rhodopsin-mediated autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (RHO-adRP) causes progressive vision loss and is potentially incurable, accounting for 25% of adRP cases. Studies on RHO-adRP mechanism were at large based on the biochemical and cellular properties, especially class-3. Nonetheless, the absence of an appropriate model for class-3 RHO-adRP has impeded comprehensive exploration. Here, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were generated from a healthy control and two sibling RP patients with the same point mutation, c.403C>T (p.R135W). The first three-dimensional (3D) retinal organoid model of a class-3 RHO point mutation from patient-derived iPSCs was generated. Significant defects were observed in rod photoreceptors in terms of localization, morphology, transcriptional profiling and single cell resolution, to better understand the human disease resulting from RHO mutations from a developmental perspective. This first human model of class-3 RHO-adRP provides a representation of patient's retina in vitro and displays features of RHO-adRP retinal organoids relevant for therapeutic development.

Research in the application of artificial intelligence to lung cancer diagnosis.

The morbidity and mortality rates in lung cancer are high worldwide. Early diagnosis and personalized treatment are important to manage this public health issue. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has played increasingly important roles in early screening, auxiliary diagnosis, and prognostic assessment. AI uses algorithms to extract quantitative feature information from high-volume and high-latitude data and learn existing data to predict disease outcomes. In this review, we describe the current uses of AI in lung cancer-focused pathomics, imageomics, and genomics applications.

The genome of Stephania japonica provides insights into the biosynthesis of cepharanthine.

Stephania japonica is an early-diverging eudicotyledon plant with high levels of cepharanthine, proven to be effective in curing coronavirus infections. Here, we report a high-quality S. japonica genome. The genome size is 688.52 Mb, and 97.37% sequences anchor to 11 chromosomes. The genome comprises 67.46% repetitive sequences and 21,036 genes. It is closely related to two Ranunculaceae species, which diverged from their common ancestor 55.90-71.02 million years ago (Mya) with a whole-genome duplication 85.59-96.75 Mya. We further reconstruct ancestral karyotype of Ranunculales. Several cepharanthine biosynthesis genes are identified and verified by western blot. Two genes (Sja03G0243 and Sja03G0241) exhibit catalytic activity as shown by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Then, cepharanthine biosynthesis genes, transcription factors, and CYP450 family genes are used to construct a comprehensive network. Finally, we construct an early-diverging eudicotyledonous genome resources (EEGR) database. As the first genome of the Menispermaceae family to be released, this study provides rich resources for genomic studies.

Quantitative Analysis of Occipital Artery Bypass Donor Vessels by Ultrasonography and DSA.

BACKGROUND: Occipital artery (OA) acts as a vital donor vessel in intra-cranialand extra-cranial bypass. Ultrasonography and digital subtracted angiography (DSA) are becoming increasingly important in the assessment of vascular morphology and hemodynamically; however, quantitative analysis of occipital artery bypass donor vessels by Ultrasonography and DSA are seldom discussed. METHODS: A retrospective study involving 62 cases accepted occipital artery bypass to treat posterior circulation aneurysms or artery occlusion/stenosis. The characteristics of OA are collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Occipital artery bypasses were performed to treat posterior circulation aneurysms in 34 patients and to treat posterior circulation artery occlusion or stenosis in 28 patients. Compared with the ultrasonography group, the DSA group had a greater diameter of OA, and Bland Altman analysis indicated that the discrepancy between the 2 groups was about 0.555 mm. Ultrasonography showed the characteristics of OA: the mean Peak Systolic Velocity (PSV) was 42.98 cm/s, the mean End Diastolic Velocity (EDV) was 8.811 cm/s, and the mean Resistance Index (RI) was 1.46. There were no statistical differences in the diameter of OA, PSV, EDV, and RI between the male group and female group, the elderly group and younger adult group or the left occipital artery group and right occipital artery group. However, compared with patients with posterior circulation aneurysms, patients with artery occlusion or stenosis were older and had higher PSV, RI, and greater diameter in occipital arteries. The mean diameter of occipital arteries was increased in the first postoperative years but reduced in 3 patients during 1 year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Both ultrasonography and DSA were effective assessment methods of occipital artery bypasses, and the DSA group had a greater diameter of OA. Age, gender, and left or right sides had little effect on the diameter of OA, PSV, EDV, and RI. Posterior circulation occlusion or stenosis had higher PSV, RI, and greater diameter of the occipital artery when compared with posterior circulation aneurysms. Occipital artery bypasses could increase the diameter of OA in most cases.

Neoadjuvant stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy combined with surgical treatment for renal cell carcinoma and inferior vena cava tumor thrombus: a prospective pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombus (TT) is difficult, and the postoperative complication rate is high. This study aimed to explore the safety and oncologic outcomes of neoadjuvant stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) combined with surgical treatment for RCC and IVC-TT. METHODS: Patients with RCC and IVC-TTs were enrolled in this study. All patients received neoadjuvant SABR focused on the IVC at a dose of 30 Gy in 5 fractions, followed by 2 ~ 4 weeks of rest. Then, radical nephrectomy and IVC tumor thrombectomy were performed for each patient. Adverse effects, perioperative outcomes, and long-term prognoses were recorded. RESULTS: From June 2018 to January 2019, 8 patients were enrolled-4 with Mayo grade II TT and 4 with Mayo grade III TT. Four (50%) patients had complicated IVC wall invasion according to CT/MRI. All patients received neoadjuvant SABR as planned. Short-term local control was observed in all 8 patients. Only Grade 1-2 adverse events were reported. In total, 3 (37.5%) laparoscopic surgeries and 5 (62.5%) open surgeries were performed. The median operation time was 359 (IQR: 279-446) min, with a median intraoperative bleeding volume of 750 (IQR: 275-2175) ml. The median postoperative hospital stay was 7 (5-10) days. With a 26-month (range: 5-41) follow-up period, the estimated mean overall survival was 30.67 ± 5.38 months. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first preoperative radiotherapy study in Asia that focused on patients with TT. This study revealed the considerable safety of neoadjuvant SABR for RCC with IVC-TT. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry on 2018-03-08 (ChiCTR1800015118). For more information, please see the direct link ( https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=25747 ).

Constructing Hierarchical CoGa2O4-S@NiCo-LDH Core-Shell Heterostructures with Crystalline/Amorphous/Crystalline Heterointerfaces for Flexible Asymmetric Supercapacitors.

The rational design and construction of composite electrodes are crucial for overcoming the issues of poor working stability and slow ionic electron mobility of a single component. Nevertheless, it is a big challenge to construct core-shell heterostructures with crystalline/amorphous/crystalline heterointerfaces in straightforward and efficient methods. Here, we have successfully converted a portion of crystalline CoGa2O4 into the amorphous phase by employing a facile sulfidation process (denoted as CoGa2O4-S), followed by anchoring crystalline NiCo-layered double hydroxide (denoted as NiCo-LDH) nanoarrays onto hexagonal plates and nucleation points of CoGa2O4-S, synthesizing dual-type hexagonal and flower-like 3D CoGa2O4-S@NiCo-LDH core-shell heterostructures with crystalline/amorphous/crystalline heterointerfaces on carbon cloth. Furthermore, we further adjust the Ni/Co ratio in LDH, achieving precise and controllable core-shell heterostructures. Benefiting from the abundant crystalline/amorphous/crystalline heterointerfaces and synergistic effect among various components, the CoGa2O4-S@Ni2Co1-LDH electrode exhibits a specific capacity of 247.8 mAh·g-1 at 1 A·g-1 and good rate performance. A CoGa2O4-S@Ni2Co1-LDH//AC flexible asymmetric supercapacitor provides an energy density of 58.2 Wh·kg-1 at a power density of 850 W·kg-1 and exhibits an impressive capacitance retention of 105.7% after 10,000 cycles at 10 A·g-1. Our research provides profound insights into the design of other similar core-shell heterostructures.

Fabric-Enhanced Vascular Graft with Hierarchical Structure for Promoting the Regeneration of Vascular Tissue.

Natural blood vessels have completed functions, including elasticity, compliance, and excellent antithrombotic properties because of their mature structure. To replace damaged blood vessels, vascular grafts should perform these functions by simulating the natural vascular structures. Although the structures of natural blood vessels are thoroughly explored, constructing a small-diameter vascular graft that matches the mechanical and biological properties of natural blood vessels remains a challenge. A hierarchical vascular graft is fabricated by Electrospinning, Braiding, and Thermally induced phase separation (EBT) processes, which could simulate the structure of natural blood vessels. The internal electrospun structure facilitates the adhesion of endothelial cells, thereby accelerating endothelialization. The intermediate PLGA fabric exhibits excellent mechanical properties, which allow it to maintain its shape during long-term transplantation and prevent graft expansion. The external macroporous structure is beneficial for cell growth and infiltration. Blood vessel remodeling aims to combine a structure that promotes tissue regeneration with anti-inflammatory materials. The results in vitro demonstrated that it EBT vascular graft (EBTVG) has matched the mechanical properties, reliable cytocompatibility, and the strongest endothelialization in situ. The results in vitro and replacement of the resected artery in vivo suggest that the EBTVG combines different structural advantages with biomechanical properties and reliable biocompatibility, significantly promoting the stabilization and regeneration of vascular endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, as well as stabilizing the blood microenvironment.

MFGAN: Multimodal Fusion for Industrial Anomaly Detection Using Attention-Based Autoencoder and Generative Adversarial Network.

Anomaly detection plays a critical role in ensuring safe, smooth, and efficient operation of machinery and equipment in industrial environments. With the wide deployment of multimodal sensors and the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT), the data generated in modern industrial production has become increasingly diverse and complex. However, traditional methods for anomaly detection based on a single data source cannot fully utilize multimodal data to capture anomalies in industrial systems. To address this challenge, we propose a new model for anomaly detection in industrial environments using multimodal temporal data. This model integrates an attention-based autoencoder (AAE) and a generative adversarial network (GAN) to capture and fuse rich information from different data sources. Specifically, the AAE captures time-series dependencies and relevant features in each modality, and the GAN introduces adversarial regularization to enhance the model's ability to reconstruct normal time-series data. We conduct extensive experiments on real industrial data containing both measurements from a distributed control system (DCS) and acoustic signals, and the results demonstrate the performance superiority of the proposed model over the state-of-the-art TimesNet for anomaly detection, with an improvement of 5.6% in F1 score.

A Semantic Segmentation Method Based on AS-Unet++ for Power Remote Sensing of Images.

In order to achieve the automatic planning of power transmission lines, a key step is to precisely recognize the feature information of remote sensing images. Considering that the feature information has different depths and the feature distribution is not uniform, a semantic segmentation method based on a new AS-Unet++ is proposed in this paper. First, the atrous spatial pyramid pooling (ASPP) and the squeeze-and-excitation (SE) module are added to traditional Unet, such that the sensing field can be expanded and the important features can be enhanced, which is called AS-Unet. Second, an AS-Unet++ structure is built by using different layers of AS-Unet, such that the feature extraction parts of each layer of AS-Unet are stacked together. Compared with Unet, the proposed AS-Unet++ automatically learns features at different depths and determines a depth with optimal performance. Once the optimal number of network layers is determined, the excess layers can be pruned, which will greatly reduce the number of trained parameters. The experimental results show that the overall recognition accuracy of AS-Unet++ is significantly improved compared to Unet.